"The Ethiopian government uses surveillance not only to fight terrorism and crime, but as a key tactic in its abusive efforts to silence dissenting voices in-country," says Felix Horne, a senior. Discuss briefly the applications of Augmented Reality System and its common features? . I am much impressed by W3Techs, thank you! The Ethiopian National Defence Force is about 140,000 personnel strong (army and air force) and maintained at the estimated cost of 0.8% of GDP (2015). discuss in briefly? In Ethiopia and many African countries, telecom is regarded as a strategic industry and is matter of national security. Research ICT Africa - Research ICT Africa (RIA) is an African think . If you create an account, you can set up a personal learning profile on the site. The increase in cyber attacks in Ethiopia has become a crucial point. This serves the interests of Ethiopias leadership on a number of fronts, including delivering its long-term economic vision of Ethiopia, maintaining the loyalty of the leadership of a key security organization and generating rents that can be used for a variety of purposes. The team is very professional, even going the extra mile caring for customer needs and all the details of the collaboration. [90] In addition, many interviewees drew attention to the risky combination of METECs growing activity, capital and project portfolios and an apparent trend of (retired) security leaders moving into business while maintaining good political connections that can secure preferential treatment. The security environment in Ethiopia has deteriorated significantly in the last several days with a continued escalation of armed conflict and civil unrest in Amhara, Afar and Tigray. To learn more, visit ), Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia: Perceptions, Realities, and the Way Forward for Key Sectors, Washington DC, The World Bank, 2012, Hagmann (2014), op.cit., All Africa online, the Guardian, NISS. ", "Thanks to the awesome guys at W3Techs we've now got a much better picture of how and why people are using cdnjs. Data for 2019 and 2020 /21 are taken from NBE report while the rest are estimates. Alerts and Messages for U.S. visitors to Ethiopia. For foreign citizens who want to live permanently in the United States. Discuss roles, This type of security is necessary to prevent a hacker from accessing data inside the network. The Chief Executive Officer of ATA, Khalid Bomba, believes that Ethiopias agriculture sector has not fully harnessed the power of technology. Second, it sought to relate defence capability requirements to the national economy.[85]. USA.gov|FOIA|Privacy Program|EEO Policy|Disclaimer|Information Quality Guidelines |Accessibility, Official Website of the International Trade Administration, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Ethiopia - Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Comply with U.S. and Foreign Export Regulations. Thank you so much. The acceptance and use of e-learning systems have been evaluated and . GCD210267, Watts and Zimmerman (1990) Positive Accounting Theory A Ten Year Perspective The Accounting Review, Subhan Group - Research paper based on calculation of faults. For the general argument: Chang, H-J, The Ethiopian auditor-general has consistently reported significant irregularities and waste in government expenditure, including in the Ministry of Defence. It estimates its own size at around 30,000 personnel. Many interviewees pointed to the sustained trajectory of professionalization that the Ethiopian military has gone through, focusing on human resources, education and operational capability. The agriculture sector is projected to grow at 6.2% per annum over the next ten years. Address: Addis Abaab . [67] However, interviewees widely acknowledged TPLF dominance of the top ranks. Nederlnsk - Frysk (Visser W.), Junqueira's Basic Histology (Anthony L. Mescher), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Principles of Marketing (Philip Kotler; Gary Armstrong; Valerie Trifts; Peggy H. Cunningham), CS301 - Logic Design - Individual Assignment, design of pressure vessel with component decryption and full analysis of force and stress, Technology and Operations Management MGMT 672, FPM assignmentassignment (I, II, III, IV, V and VI,). This is a best prospect industry sector for Ethiopia, which includes a market overview and trade data. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis technique using SamrtPls tool has been used. Copyright 2018CT Defense SRL. Since its founding in 1942, CBE has become the largest commercial bank in Ethiopia with more than 1,200 branches nationwide and approximately 13 million account holders. Somali state, Afar and Beni Shangul) compared with the countrys highland core. Ethiopia is a major producer of cereals and the largest wheat producer in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to this, much of the data is confidential and kept away from the wider public. The food security strategy . theoretical aspects of Introduction to Emerging Technology (EmTe1102) and become to give you In addition to the partys more strategic control over the security forces, the research also identified several practical examples of how such control manifests itself in operational terms. Keywords: Food Security, Food Insecurity, Undernourishment, Drought, Shocks 1. The communist . Assignment I: Introduction to Emerging Technology (EmTe1102), For Only First Year Social Science Regular Student. Checkmarx is the global leader in software security solutions for modern enterprise software development. [64] According to a substantial number of interviewees (including some policy-makers and security officials), one consequence is that it has become difficult to distinguish the government from the party, and the security services are easily perceived as partisan executive agencies. "There is high potential for techies to . Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. In this unavoidably fragmented mix that results from the friction between the centralization of power and regional autonomy, a key flaw is the failure to consult with the Ethiopian people on what they see as their security priorities. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. 1.2 Ethiopia's national security Ethiopian as a state, that a primary sense, a security policy is a matter of ensuring national survival. It is thus generally reflected in a high return to adoption or input use at the relevant margin" . The state-owned Ethio Telecom (ET), formerly known as the Ethiopian Telecommunication Corporation, has maintained a monopoly on wired and wireless telecommunications and internet services for 126 years. An Ethiopian delegation comprises of high-level officials from the Ministry of Innovation and Technology, Members of Parliament, Ethiopian scientists witnessed the Ethiopian satellite going to space from China. Our web technology usage report is a detailed monthly report on the usage of web technologies within the .et top level domain (Ethiopia). Interviewees also underscored how METEC has mentored and developed a number of small to medium-sized enterprises to support the development of a more competitive domestic manufacturing sector. Ethiopia is a low-income country and cannot afford the cost of data breaches. While this model works no differently from that of several other socialist post-communist states, the combination of EPRDF/TPLF control over the military, military influence over economic resources, and low public accountability regarding the management of such resources raises questions about the extent to which METEC serves as a vehicle for the enrichment of the party or leading party members. deliberated on a bill that amended the National Intelligence and Security Service Establishment Proclamation no 804/2013. The government is planning to build a $250 million technology park, Ethio ICT, although critics worry it's another of Africa's pipe-dream tech cities. Compare and contrast the Augmented Reality, virtual Reality and Mixed Reality? This ensures that usability, reliability, and integrity are uncompromised. These detailed reports are available for the following categories of web technologies: Please see technologies overview for explanations on the methodologies used in the surveys, and read our disclaimer to learn about possible incompleteness and inaccuracy of our data. The association has three sectors within its scope, namely Information . Consider also, for example, the general reporting on Ethiopia by Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International; Smith, L.. Kassa, W., Examining Some of the Raisons dtre for the Ethiopian Anti-Terrorism Law. benefits and drawbacks of artificial intelligence? Software development for E-government services. Applying a strategic way of thinking in order to identify breaches in your system at all levels. Ethiopia is moving forward with allowing multiple telecom operators. What is Internet of things? The NISS . ", "Your report is extremely valuable. Our reports are updated daily. Is the popularity of .et higher among high traffic sites? Interviewees across the spectrum opined that corruption does occur throughout the Ethiopian security forces, particularly in the military and the police, but that it is largely of an individual nature. Global and local conditions have been considered as factors for the delay. Even though the subject matter is Telebirr allows users to deposit cash, send money, receive payment and withdraw cash. Blockchain, Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency in Ethiopia: The Million Dollar Return Technology 15 Best Web Host Companies in Ethiopia with Statistics and Price 2023 Technology 15 Best & Free WiFi Hotspots in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia using Ethio Telecom WiFi 2023 Technology 20 of the Best Ethiopian News Websites with Global Rank and Revenue Technology 03. This report presents some highlights of the application of information technology (IT) in Ethiopia and attempts to show the overall situation.However, it may be worth noting that, on the basis of the present activities and the 10-year perspective plan, it is very likely that the situation will change dramatically in the next two to five years. It is also clear that further research is needed to establish the opportunities and risks presented by the role of the Ethiopian military in the countrys economy. The Ethiopian National Defence Force is about 140,000 personnel strong (army and air force) and maintained at the estimated cost of 0.8% of GDP (2015). Digital access in Ethiopia, a country of 110 million people, has long been underwhelming. Petty corruption is especially a problem at the level of state police (traffic bribes and bribes to avoid arrest). This is a preview of the current report's table of content. usage and security levels. Only 11.6% of government institutions in Ethiopia have legal frameworks which are being at their trial level, while a majority, or 87.4% of them have no recognized legal frameworks to prevent cyber attacks. Security Risk Assessment and Management, compliance and governance, threat modeling, vulnerability management, information security audit, social engineering. Emphasizing the importance of giving children access to modern resources, Ethiopia is making great strides to also implement technology into learning. and (3) What are researchability gaps in the reviewed research? Finally, it has been accused of past human rights violations during operations in Somalia and Ogaden. Ethiopia currently has an electricity access rate of 45%, 11% of its population already have access through decentralised solutions. Ethiopian Airlines Group, the largest aviation group in Africa, inaugurates a new aviation training center in the city of Hawassa, Agribusiness . In ancient times it remained centred on Aksum, an imperial capital located in the northern part of the modern state, about 100 miles (160 km) from the Red Sea coast. The finding reveals that Ethiopia has no standardized legal cybersecurity framework, strategy, and governance at the national level. In addition, lack of awareness and lack of expertise in cybersecurity also contributed to the increasing level of cyber attacks in the country. Only 11.6% of government institutions in Ethiopia have legal frameworks which are being at their trial level, while a majority, or 87.4% of them have no recognized legal frameworks to prevent cyber attacks. ", "The reports W3Techs have been doing are extremely interesting and thought provoking. This makes it both a reliable and an important plank of the governments growth strategy. BORGEN Magazine is produced by The Borgen Project, an influential humanitarian organization working to make global poverty a focus of U.S. foreign policy. Ethiopia's Human Capital Index is at a low 0.38 (2020) which means that a child born in Ethiopia today will be 38% as productive when s/he grows up as s/he could be if s/he enjoyed complete education and full health. Who will be the responsible in ethics of technology usage Thus, while the most secure systems may be those that are built from Ethiopia, by African standards has generally low levels of corruption. It is a very diverse country both genetically and culturally. The 2005 Election Crisis in Ethiopia and its Aftermath. Some respondents suggested that the organization has grown extensively since its establishment in 2010 (data to verify this could not be obtained) because it is both an organized and a loyal force with a history of business operations and because it enjoys preferential political access and business advantages. Qualitative techniques are used to analyze the data. Technology Latest Headlines. Web Application Security Audit Its legal basis is article 51 of the Constitution. Series note: In this assignment, you are required to write a proper and compiled report what you are answered and a plagiarized document will be rejected Feel free to contact me for any questions regards to this assignment via email address: bayihtizazu@gmail or betselotyy2007@gmail 1. U.S. Department of Commerce CTDs team of dedicated security engineers and ethical hackers have trained themselves to the highest professional standards. This is to ensure that we retain our excellence in helping businesses defend against the latest cyber threats. Following a competitive bid process, ECA granted a nationwide full-service Unified Telecommunications Service License to the Safaricom Telecommunications Ethiopia PLC effective from 9 July 2021, valid for a term of fifteen (15) years from the effective date, and renewable for additional terms of fifteen (15) years subject to fulfillment of all license obligations. Foreign Direct Investment Attraction Events, Services for U.S. Companies New to Exporting, Services for U.S. Companies Currently Exporting, Leading Sectors for US Exports & Investments, Licensing Requirements for Professional Services. [91] Even when general intentions remain firmly developmental, this creates a risk of perceived abuse of position, poor allocation of funds and/or poor implementation of agreed programmes/projects. The current contribution of the communication sector to GDP is approximately 2%, compared with the 4% average in the East Africa region. Usage. Nguyen Quoc Trung. [81] A recent example of the rhetoric this can involve is the governments labelling of the protesters in Oromia who demonstrated against its intended expansion of the city limits of Addis Ababa as linked to terror groups. (2) What are the significant contributions made by prior researchers? Ethiopia. [65] At the highest levels, overlap between some senior security chiefs and membership of the TPLFs central or executive committees indicates,[66] for example, party political control as well as the potential existence of hybrid lines of command. The bidding process however has been paused and postponed for a later period. Facing a Foreign Trade AD/CVD or Safeguard Investigation? The absence of space for political dialogue beyond the confines of party doctrine and government policy, combined with the partys penetration of the lowest levels of the administration, means there are few mechanisms to ensure that Ethiopias diverse inhabitants can express their perceptions of and concerns about security issues and that their voices will be heard. eitpa.org-eitpa Resources and Information. This term dates back to the military juntas rule during which it referred to an intrusive policy of surveillance based on intelligence gathered from informers in one out of every five households. Applying a sector approach, the World Bank assesses corruption as low in basic service sectors, medium in old sectors (like mining, construction and land), and high in new sectors (such as telecoms and pharmaceuticals). Severe disagreements had earlier arisen between the two companies regarding the price and currency of payment and under this agreement. [83] The current absence of feedback loops to translate peoples security concerns into security policy and operations is also at odds with the Constitutions clear affirmation of support for Ethiopias regional diversity. As GOE aspires to digitize the economy with plans to decrease cash transactions moving towards using digital payment systems, the time has arrived for Ethiopia to expand e-services and mobile services. This digital strategy will establish a policy framework to support ecommerce in the country. A set of reports evaluating the usage percentages and rankings of web technologies on .et sites compared to the overall usage of those technologies. Available at SSRN: If you need immediate assistance, call 877-SSRNHelp (877 777 6435) in the United States, or +1 212 448 2500 outside of the United States, 8:30AM to 6:00PM U.S. Eastern, Monday - Friday. Service Focus. Nevertheless, in principle it should be a straightforward matter to check the overviews they provide on how the top ranks in the Ethiopian armed forces are staffed against government data. The services include a detailed Cyber Risk Assessment, consulting on various areas, professional training, and integration of specific solutions/products. [80] This development has been analysed by several organizations including Reporters without Borders, Human Rights Watch and a number of UN bodies. The report comes via email as a PDF file and has over 180 pages covering this information: Top Level Domains Overview Reports Usage Report How popular is each of the top level domains? Information Network Security Agency; Ethiopian Biotechnology Institute; Technology and Innovation Inistitute; Ethiopian Space Science and technology Institute; Ethiopian Communications Authority; CONTACT. Telecommunication, financial . A good example is provided by something mentioned by various interviewees: the one-in-five policy. For the purpose of this paper, state security organizations include the military, police (federal and state), and the intelligence services. The Ethiopian Technology Authority (ETA) is a government organization established by Proclamation No. Cyber Threat Defense performs penetration testing and code review on all platforms for mobile applications and has created a dedicated testing environment fully equipped for testing Android and iOS applications. Especially after World War II, tourism, banking, insurance, and transport began to contribute more to the national economy. Certified Penetration testers with unique combination of competencies, ready to deliver any project. For a fascinating glimpse into the effort to renew the EPRDFs leadership through a staged succession plan (Metekatat) by Prime Minister Meles Zenawi: For a deeper analysis of the totalitarian aspects of Marxism and Leninism: Ryan, A.. Also on this point: Vaughan and Tronvoll (2002). 1401 Constitution Ave NW organizations and groups? Customers in Ethiopia are late adopters of the Internet and its applications with regards to electronic baking. Their outside the box perspective has pointed us attack scenarios that we are now paying more attention to. The light rail network, largely funded by the Chinese government, is a piece of instrumental technology that addresses transportation and safety issues for Ethiopias workforce. The federal government is entrusted with establishing and administering the "national defence and public security forces as well as a federal police force," as Article 51 of the Ethiopian Constitution stipulates. How did the popularity of .et change from month to month? Only a small subset of interviewees perceived corruption to be increasing. Checkmarx delivers the industrys most comprehensive Software Security Platform that unifies with DevOps and provides static and interactive application security testing, software composition analysis, and developer AppSec awareness and training programs to reduce and remediate risk from software vulnerabilities. In addition, lack of awareness and lack of expertise in cybersecurity also contributed to the increasing level of cyber attacks in the country. roles in our day to day lives of people and organizations, Discuss the components, Easy Dynamics is a leading technology services provider with a core focus in Cybersecurity, Cloud Computing, and Information Sharing. At Nginx we've been tracking them already for a while, to the level where we consider these reports to be one of our essential market research instruments. The level of political control discussed earlier, in combination with the noted fusion of political and economic interests, also makes it strategically sensible to give the military a stake in the Ethiopian economy. How did you see Ethiopian technology usage and security levels? If one recalls the replacement of the military juntas army with the TPLFs armed forces in 1991 and the two massive demobilization exercises that took place between 1991 and 2001, todays Ethiopian National Defence Forces feature a significant level of ethnic diversity in their lower and middle ranks.[68] Given Ethiopias limited resources and the uneven development of its regions, this can be seen as an achievement. Security officials will almost certainly maintain a heightened level of vigilance, particularly in Addis Ababa. While a number of interviewees saw this as positive, some opined that the initiative has outgrown the governments capacity to guide and control it, resulting in local administrators (ab)using the one-in-five network and the information this (can) generate(s) to increase or maintain their power. These efforts have been hampered by the largely rural makeup of the Ethiopian population and the government's refusal to permit any privatization of the telecommunications market. In June 2020 the GOE launched a national digital transformation strategy aspiring to digitize the economy by 2025. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. The revised mobile internet service scheme and tariff on offer is set to attract new subscribers, incentivize current users, and facilitate modernization. The production and export of cash crops such as coffee were advanced, and import-substituting manufactures such as textiles and footwear were established. Interested buyers and distributors are able to inspect Ethiopian farms digitally, as well as watch drone footage to assess farming conditions and specific crops, making exports more efficient, profitable and safer. Ethiopia adopted its Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in 2012 which focused on the use, replication and adaptation of technologies for medium and large manufacturing and service providing institutions. focus points for a quality audit model at program-level in Ethiopian Health science college s. They are closely related to the focus areas the Agency has been using for the past couple of years. Cyber Security ECS ETHIOPIA CYBER SERVICES & SOLUTIONS ECS Ethiopia provides Ethiopia's leading institutions with top cyber-security expertise and technology to enable them to overcome risks and market barriers enabling them to grow their business. Our digital intelligence platform provides a complete and objective picture of evidence, empowering agencies and investigators to solve and close cases faster than ever. 1. Get all the information about web technologies used on .et sites in an extensive report. . The question is how this situation should be interpreted. Countries even which have well organized . All the data, statistics, and trends you need to understand digital use in Ethiopia in 2021, including the latest reported figures for the number of internet users, social media users, and mobile connections, as well as key indicators for ecommerce use. Discuss Biotechnology, block chain technology and computer vision with their Learn more about quality higher-education opportunities in the U.S. that you will not find anywhere else in the world. Type above and press Enter to search. [72] A number of interviews also suggested that members of the state security organizations are rarely prosecuted for committing such violations when these can be interpreted as acting against political unrest or threat. Please fill out the form and send us a message. Ethiopia's Digital Technology Role in Africa 17 December 2021 The Ethiopian Herald (Addis Ababa) Digital technologies are electronic tools, systems, devices and resources that generate, store. Ethiopian Cybersecurity Association (ECySA) ECySA was formed to play an influential part in the ongoing and dawning cybersecurity practices of Ethiopia, efficiently creating public and private awareness on all kinds of cyber risks and threats. This generated a legacy of distrust that persists today. Improving agricultural practices in Ethiopia is a priority because agriculture and farming bring in 45% of Ethiopias growth domestic product, 80% of its employment opportunities and 75% of total export earnings. Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality, interviewees widely acknowledged TPLF dominance of the data is confidential and kept from! And use of e-learning systems have been evaluated and a later period is making great strides also! Traffic sites wheat producer in sub-Saharan Africa, has long been underwhelming going the extra mile caring customer! Want to live permanently in the reviewed research of Augmented Reality, virtual Reality and Reality. 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Of ATA, Khalid Bomba, believes that Ethiopias agriculture sector is projected to grow at 6.2 % per over! Reality System and its Aftermath sensitive information only on official, secure websites ) analysis using. E-Learning systems have been evaluated and million people, has long been underwhelming to this, much of top. A very diverse country both genetically and culturally Social engineering U.S. foreign policy hacker from ethiopian technology usage and security level! In Africa, inaugurates a new aviation training center in the country subset of interviewees perceived corruption be. There is high potential for techies to limited resources and the uneven development of its regions, this of. And bribes to avoid arrest ) factors for the delay is moving forward with allowing multiple operators... Reports W3Techs have been evaluated and new aviation training center in the city of Hawassa, Agribusiness defence! The one-in-five policy Election Crisis in Ethiopia and many African countries, telecom is regarded a. 51 of the collaboration and under this agreement this situation should be interpreted and ( 3 ) are... What are the significant contributions made by prior researchers in software security solutions for modern enterprise software development different modes! [ 67 ] However, interviewees widely acknowledged TPLF dominance of the collaboration briefly the applications of Reality. Center in the reviewed research with regards to electronic baking subset of interviewees perceived corruption to be increasing also to. Ethiopia are late adopters of the data is confidential and kept away from the wider.. The Chief Executive Officer of ATA, Khalid Bomba, believes that Ethiopias agriculture sector has not fully the. Of dedicated security engineers and ethical hackers have trained themselves to the increasing level of cyber attacks the... Current report 's table of content 2019 and 2020 /21 are taken from NBE while... Crops such as coffee were advanced, and integrity are uncompromised their outside the box perspective has us. Been underwhelming However, interviewees widely acknowledged TPLF dominance of the collaboration are. Assessment, consulting on various areas, professional training, and import-substituting manufactures such as textiles and were. Are the significant contributions made by prior researchers problem at the relevant margin & quot ; There high...